Monday, August 24, 2020

Question and Answers on the American Criminal Justice Essay Example

Question and Answers on the American Criminal Justice Essay Example Question and Answers on the American Criminal Justice Paper Question and Answers on the American Criminal Justice Paper Clarify why individual rights and open request points of view are such combative issues in contemporary American Society. Singular rights and open request have been petulant issues since it requires a consistent adjusting to maintain those individual rights, while likewise ensuring our resident. Execution of this exercise in careful control is under consistent investigation by two gatherings: singular rights advocates, who need to ensure the individual flexibilities inside the criminal equity framework and open request advocates, which accept the premiums of society should overshadow singular rights, under hold conditions including a criminal danger to open security. So as to work in a general public that individuals need to live inside, this equalization must be overseen cautiously. The individual view of either class will impact the other and can prompt the issue we are seeing today, in Ferguson, MO over the shooting of adolescent, Michael Brown (Schmeltzer, K, 2014). The consistent utilization of the media, anxious to show twenty second recordings of police utilizing unreasonable power or lethal power against residents, is a contributing variable toward the disturbance of this parity. It doesn't show the official keeping he standard power continuum which hinted at that point of activity. This absence of complete honesty makes an impression of rights infringement and can upset open request. Thus, the explanation numerous law requirement offices have found a way to get on-body cameras. Loss of open request would make an alternate society from what we have today. There would be a feeling of dread and individuals would not leave their homes, making a domino impact that sway everything. Basically tutoring and instruction would not be there as we would not have qualified individuals to authorize and indict crooks. Opportunity isn't ere and without open request, just the solid would endure. Quickly talk about how the primary parts of the criminal equity framework can now and again supplement one another and on occasion likewise be in strife with one another. Give models. The criminal equity framework comprise of three principle segments: Police, who authorize the laws, secure property and look after request; Courts, which condemn and indict as needs be; and Corrections, that house, administer, and restore detainees. It likewise comprise of TTY. Or then again significant models, the accord model, which expresses the three segment cooperate toward a typical AOL; and the contention model, that says that every part work independently towards their own advantage, which can strife with each other and lead to the presence of a non-framework. In any case, under either model, every part relies upon what different ones does and any adjustments in that procedure can effectsly affect different segments (Schmeltzer, F. , 2014). Under the accord model where the segments cooperate; you would see a smooth development of cases through the equity framework, from capture, to court appearance to condemning. However, regularly time than not, the perpetrate model has its day in court, particularly when there is an absence of comprehension/understanding of the law, alongside including individual feelings or complete negligence. At the point when this happens, it can influence numerous aspects of the procedure and society discernment. Police make the capture and follow convention, at that point need to stress over the courts excusing their endeavors, since they should put accentuation on the privileges of the charged. Amendment need to work as well as could be expected to follow court managing and manage over populace. This at that point obviously prompts Correction looking into cases for inconsideration of early discharge, which is in strife with the court framework and conceivably influences - a different subject; open wellbeing (Schmeltzer, R, 2014). Of the different phases of the American criminal equity case, which solitary stage, as you would see it, is generally basic from the wrongdoing control point of view, and which stage from the fair treatment viewpoint? Clarify why. In the different phases of the American criminal equity process, captures are generally basic under the wrongdoing control point of view, as having high numbers in this stage reflect: more tight authority over wrongdoing, decreases the crime percentage, builds open request/wellbeing and stops extra endeavors - of followers;to carry on in comparable habits. Absence of basic mindfulness in this stage leaves an open greeting for hoodlums to go about as they want, which places the general population in harm's way and disturb the request. Well behaved resident would then feel risky and want to protect themselves at all cost, prompting extra wrongdoing and confusion. Fast captures, under the correct techniques and conventions and guaranteeing the capture are productive, will prompt feelings, which additionally bolsters the wrongdoing control model (Schmeltzer, R, 2014). With that, prompts the most extreme stage under the fair treatment model, just like the primer hearing. At this stage the blamed has just been prompted for their privileges in their first appearance and its now onto decide honest dependent on reasonable justification and the proof being introduced. As this stage focuses upon the blamed and their privileges, it additionally makes examination upon the police. Deciding if reason for reasonable justification were validated and decide the quality of the proof and is it was gathered as per the law. This reasonableness methodology - fair treatment model; best chance to consider al the realities is during the Preliminary Hearing. Introducing at some other stage after isn't actually past the point of no return, yet this is the main chance to address blamelessness, as the proof is being assessed and assurance on further activity is being tended to (Schmeltzer, Z, 2014). Distinguish and examine the contrasts between the two significant wellsprings of factual information about wrongdoing in the United States. The Uniform Crime Report (LACK) has been around since 1929 yet it has never been a program to genuinely catch inclines precisely. Significantly after the change of the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBS), the program was waver upgraded to distinguish disparities and address issues which upset the first CAR. NIBS upgraded wrongdoing information assortment and improved the system in gathering information, yet were still difficulties. Not exclusively were there issues with the two projects coordinating more seasoned information with more current information, this program acquires its data from law implementation wrongdoing reports by survivors of violations. An issue with that isn't all wrongdoings are accounted for to police and another is the means by which it has been established that divisions have been known to downsize a wrongdoing to reflect improvement to the crime percentage. As indicated by Schmeltzer, F. 014), a 201 2 investigation of almost 2000 resign New York police Department officials found that the control of wrongdoing report has become a piece of police culture (p. 30). At the point when this happens, it makes a troublesome undertaking to decide perilous cultural patterns. To aid this the National Crime Factorization Survey (NCSC) was set up to supplement the I-JAR by ga thering data on a national level through family unit, casualty self-reports. It apparently provides a progressively precise record of violations, since it considers the two wrongdoings announced and not. Both these projects are the two significant sources to gauge wrongdoing. Independently they are not really ready to catch the genuine cultural patterns since every one of these projects fill an individual need toward various parts of wrongdoing. At the point when they are joined, notwithstanding, there is a superior comprehension in catching real measurements and the countries wrongdoing issue. Refreshing to address developing new patterns would make it progressively productive yet for the time being fill its need in catching benchmark designs (Plants, M. , Longboat, L. , 2014). Of the numerous extraordinary classes of wrongdoing, which solitary unique classification wrongdoing do you think represents the most basic worry in contemporary American Society? Clarify why. Of the numerous exceptional classes of wrongdoing, the one which represents the most basic concern is high innovation and PC wrongdoing. Cybercafã © is on the ascent and we are beginning to see more occurrences of this wrongdoing all through the world with respect to robbery of administrations, theft or fraud, electronic vandalism and monetary establishment hackings. Ongoing occasions show considerably more prominent worry with the hacking of a U. S. Rene in Russia (US News, 2014) and the hacking of a Department of Homeland Security contractual worker - who does analytical foundation check;being penetrated for his data (The Washington Post, 2014). All these are just a depiction of what these digital fear based oppressor/programmers can do, however the more noteworthy worry in this classificati on ought to be the defenselessness our basic framework. As indicated by Mike McConnell, who was the National Intelligence Director from 2007-2009, he vouched for Senate in 2010, If the country did battle today, in digital, we would lose. Were the most defenseless. We are the most associated. We have the most to lose (P. W. Vocalist A. Friedman, 2014, p. 151). Our foundation is more in danger now than it was 10 years prior, because of the way that numerous frameworks are no outrage free, yet interlinked to each other. From that comes the powerlessness to cybercafã ©, as framework ties every one of us into one element and that is the means by which subordinate Americans are to the web and present day innovation. Digital adversaries - outside and domestic;have the capacities to essentially upset our basic framework or shut them down totally. It would just take a digital assault upon our basic framework: transportation, electric force lattices, monetary organizations, correspondences frameworks or pipeline access for gas and oil to exact crippling or demise toward America and putting us n a digital. As found on account of Student Irans atomic facil

Saturday, August 22, 2020

The Turtle Jean Lafitte Adventures of a Pet Psychic Free Essays

string(37) got sucked into Gordon’s act. Gordon 1 Stephanie Gordon College Writing 112. 005 Guyant 10/11/11 Psychics perusing the guileless Gordon 2 The present reality is loaded up with mystics asserting they can perform undertakings including extrasensory projections. There are individuals who state they can talk with the dead, read minds, feel energies, and see into what's to come. We will compose a custom article test on The Turtle Jean Lafitte: Adventures of a Pet Psychic or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now It is exceptionally simple, when powerless and guileless enough, to fall into what these clairvoyants are stating. Most will say what you need to hear so as to pick up validity for themselves, or even to simply acquire a living. It is a muddled thing to contend, in any case, since this science can't be demonstrated valid. It has without a doubt been demonstrated a scam on numerous occasions, yet there are different sides to each story. The individuals who accept and get tied up with what these clairvoyants are stating are the ones who keep this business alive. I feel that individuals will accept what they need to accept, which is the reason mystics can keep putting on an act to make adherents out of the guileless. There is a term utilized in Psychology to speak to when it is really the subjects who cause a perusing to succeed. It is known as the â€Å"fallacy of individual approval. This implies when somebody is being perused by a mystic, the manner in which they decipher the perusing to coordinate their own character is the thing that causes them to have faith in what the clairvoyant is stating (Gordon 48). This is regularly evident with horoscopes. We typically just read the horoscope that coordinates wit h our own birthday, yet when perusing ones that are for different months, they can be coordinated up to anybody. Horoscopes can be extremely broad, for example, â€Å"Good things are coming your way†, or â€Å"You will meet somebody with potential for a relationship next month†. These things could be deciphered in an alternate manner for each individual who understands them. Nearly anybody could figure out how to fit the readings into their own lives. More often than not the horoscope â€Å"predicts† things that would have happened to an individual in any case. Odds are whoever peruses it will have something great transpire or meet another person any timeframe after they have understood it. It is the false notion of individual approval that causes cosmic readings to appear to be so precise for every person. Mystics themselves have a ton of trust in what they do. Despite the fact that there are some who realize they are faking it, there are other people who genuinely accept they have a blessing. One clairvoyant who Gordon 3 gets by off of being a peruser, DeAna, lives in the United Kingdom. She clarifies in a meeting that since the time she was a little youngster, her loved ones were confounded when DeAna knew data that she was rarely straightforwardly told. She continually knew data that she not exclusively ought not, however couldn't have known. Utilizing her expertise as a profession measure didn't come until some other time throughout everyday life. When asked â€Å"How have you become a mystic peruser? † DeAna answers, â€Å"A woman I worked with was frightfully upset about a relative who had gone AWOL. One day she gave me an espresso and I discovered data about the individual flooding in †as she contacted me. I gave her the information and the individual was found. She was stunned from the start and afterward excited and told a horrendous part of individuals! Before I knew it, following a 12 hour move †6 days per week, I would show up home to discover individuals looking out for my doorstep requiring a perusing. † (DeAna) She keeps on clarifying how she helped individuals when her day of work at her customary activity, for no compensation. One day a lady went along who was affronted when DeAna would not acknowledge installment. She reproved the mystic and said that she was offering an assistance and ought to anticipate installment for her abilities. DeAna chose to make her readings an all day work, after the lady put things into point of view for her. She figured she should utilize her blessing to help at whatever point she could, at whatever point she could. DeAna before long understood this was her purpose in life, and decided to begin charging every last bit of her customers and transform her ability into a profession. DeAna helps individuals who are searching for answers. Her customers who currently pay her for perusing meetings face to face and via telephone, go to her since they need assistance with something in their lives. DeAna even helps corporate organizations in finding the right candidate for a vocation. She expresses that she worked out a passage for every candidate on their character attributes and qualities from her perspective. Maybe the individual accountable for employing had poor aptitudes in his activity zone in the first place, which is the reason others he had recruited didn't wind up working out for their organization. The truth is, each individual DeAna has chosen for the organization has worked very well in their position. Limited, who confesses to being a phony, is Henry Gordon. He considers himself a mentalist-entertainer, Gordon 4 since his stunts are what he calls slight of psyche. His vocation has been founded on exposing the individuals who guarantee to have mystical or clairvoyant forces. In 1977 (Gordon 3), he put on an enchantment act in his old neighborhood, yet performed under the stage name Elchonen and wore a cover so his character would remain covered up. In the wake of playing out a few astounding stunts, the crowd was totally guided and become tied up with his whole execution. At the point when it came time for the subsequent demonstration, Gordon left stage without his cover and was in a flash perceived by his locale. He told individuals they had been hoodwinked, and continued to clarify why it is so natural for them to accept his stunts. Individuals in the crowd had each motivation to be disturbed. They had placed themselves in a defenseless position and got sucked into Gordon’s act. You read The Turtle Jean Lafitte: Adventures of a Pet Psychic in class Papers This is likewise part of the explanation individuals accept so unequivocally in clairvoyants and their readings. The individuals who are interested are the ones who are handily maneuvered into the trick. After an air is made with a gem ball, a couple of right theories, and only a trace of conviction, a mystic can pull a customer in and the rest is history. It is extremely simple for a mentalist entertainer like Gordon to pull basic deceives and draw in an after. A few individuals from the crowd in Gordon’s show were so disturbed they requested their cash back. Gordon revealed to them they would get a full discount for their ticket on the off chance that they requested it at the ticket office. He later discovered a large portion of the individuals who got their discount returned to discover the stunts of his exchange. He considers himself a mentalist entertainer, since he utilizes slight of psyche stunts, rather than skillful deception. His stunts test a person’s mind, as opposed to how well they were focusing. Gordon gets by off of exposing mystics and any individual who claims they have extra tangible projection. He says that he could get by off of being an entertainer, yet there is something remaining among him and a real existence brimming with wealth. His soul. Mystics make general suppositions that lead to explicit answers, in view of the reactions of the individual they are perusing. (75) This is the thing that causes the individual to accept they are participating in something outside our regular world. It is the thing that pulls them in and changes their mind in this wonder. A few people will in general accept when they need an answer that they can't appear to discover on their Gordon 5 own. Neighborhood law implementation has been known to utilize a mystic when they have hit an impasse during a case. This happens once in a while. As a rule the mystic is gotten by the group of the person in question, and not law authorization straightforwardly. Law requirement will consent to the clairvoyant on the off chance that they believe they have no different choices and need assistance making a stride toward another path. The clairvoyants, be that as it may, can be to a greater degree an issue than an assistance. Police might be searching for a positive development, however consider the possibility that the clairvoyant sets them on a totally off-base way. Time is of the embodiment in most of these cases and a mystic may lose the whole examination. On the off chance that a mystic decides to help in a hunt, authorities may choose to disregard their cases. Exclusive, Mr. Baron Curley, is very certain about his clairvoyant capacities. He gloats to his devotees about how his assistance prompted a capture in a homicide examination. Curley states that he gave a composite drawing of the supposed executioner in the examination of the Atlanta Child Murders. He at that point guarantees that due to his assistance, a criminal named Wayne Williams was captured four and a half days after the fact. Since Curley appeared to be so certain about his assistance, Henry Gordon went to examine the amount he had truly helped the agents on the result of this case. When Gordon reached the Federal Bureau of Investigations about Curley’s help with the case, he got an immediate statement from the Press Information Office. â€Å"Mr. Lord Curley reached our Atlanta office (deliberately) in 1980 and 1981. He sent in a review of what he figured the subject would resemble, and he sent in a type of a drawing. Nonetheless, there was no effect looking into the issue because of what he sent in. (Gordon 88) This demonstrates mystics can boast about utilizing their capacities, yet except if somebody delves further in the issue, they won't know how much the clairvoyant truly made a difference. Mystics may have assisted law authorization with their input, yet it doesn't imply that they prompted any sort of decision for a situation. Assume the FBI had utilized Curley’s drawings. They may h ave captured a man who coordinated the image, however who was not the criminal who carried out the homicides. Any situation coming about because of Curley’s deliberate assistance could have sent the whole examination in a totally misguided course. Fortunately the Bureau was shrewd enough to overlook this clairvoyant and stick with their own arrangement of strategies. Gordon 6 Having trust in their work is

Thursday, July 23, 2020

How Bowel Health Can Affect Your Substance Use

How Bowel Health Can Affect Your Substance Use Addiction Drug Use Print How Bowel Health Can Affect Your Substance Use Dont self-medicate bowel problemsâ€"see your doctor instead By Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Elizabeth Hartney, BSc, MSc, MA, PhD is a psychologist, professor, and Director of the Centre for Health Leadership and Research at Royal Roads University, Canada. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Updated on October 02, 2019 Tharakorn / istock More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Bowel health is one of the most stigmatized health problems. It seems that, although everyone has bowel problems from time to time (more than three bowel movements a day is considered diarrhea, less than three bowel movements a week is considered constipation), they cause more embarrassment than much more serious problems. Even people who use substances, who are constantly living with the stigma of drug use, can sometimes feel greater embarrassment about their bowel problems than their drug use and be even more reluctant to discuss these issues with the person who is most likely to be able to help themâ€"their doctor or healthcare provider. If you have an addiction, there are specific ways that bowel issues may be affecting your chances of recovery. In addition, concurrent conditions, including those you may not even be aware of, are also important for you to know about. Your substance use might even be worsened by attempts to self-medicate bowel issues which could be addressed by simple dietary or behavioral changes. If you dont discuss your bowel issues with your healthcare provider, you may continue to suffer unnecessarily. You also may delay getting the help you need for your addiction and for potentially treatable bowel problems. So, how do bowel issues affect your addiction?  Here are some possibilities: Using a Substance to Get You Going Over the years, the use of drugs to get a bowel movement started has been confided to me in hushed tones. Whether it is your ongoing addiction to caffeine, which starts with morning caffeine or tea to wake up your bowels, a cigarette, or even a stiff drink or a joint, so many people with addictions feel this is the only way to go. However, they may not have tried the many simple behavioral changes that can improve bowel health. Constipation is a common problem, particularly among people who suffer from stress. And the physiological and psychological effects of certain drugs can help relax the bowels. But there are much healthier, and overall more effective ways of regulating your bowel movements, for example, ensuring that you are properly hydrated, you are taking enough exercise, and that your diet contains adequate fiber. If you want to try and tackle your constipation on your own, there is plenty of advice in our chronic constipation treatment guide. If following this advice isnt enough and after trying everything you are still having problems with constipation, dont despair. Your doctor can help with exploring the cause of the problem and can give you healthier options for improving your bowel health. Although medical marijuana may be used to treat irritable bowel syndrome, it is much safer to use the substance under the guidance of a physician than it is to self-medicate. Your doctor will also be able to guide you on the use of laxatives if they are even appropriate in your situation. Again, this is something best done in collaboration with your physician, as over time, use of laxatives can be damaging to the digestive tract and the body can form a dependence on laxatives in order to function. And some people with eating disorders, including various food addictions, get hooked on laxatives as a way of purging after bingeing.  Enough said. Smoking to Cope With Gas Passing gas is normal. In fact, most perfectly healthy adults pass gas up to 20 times a day. However. some people are extremely embarrassed about flatulence, to the point where they will smoke, simply to cover up the odor of gas. Given the high cost of smoking, both financially and in terms of the negative impact on health, this is a self-defeating strategy that nonetheless keeps some smokers hooked. Ive worked with a number of smokers who cant seem to manage to quit smoking, who have admitted that, particularly in social situations, smoking cigarettes or marijuana masks the embarrassment of gas. Offering cigarettes to others covers up the embarrassing odor of flatulence even more effectively because cigarette smoking interferes with their companions sense of smell. People suffering from the discomfort of trapped gas may also use cigarettes or marijuana to relax their bowels and help them release gas. And they may even feel too embarrassed to discuss it with their doctor. Yet, as with constipation, there are other, much less deadly ways of dealing with the causes of gas, detailed in our tips on gas and bloating. There are also many relaxation and breathing techniques that can help you to safely relax your bowels, as well as your whole body. If none of these approaches are enough, see your doctor for more advice on your specific situation. Letting Diarrhea or Fecal Incontinence Put You Off Detox One of the most serious effects of the embarrassment that some people feel about bowel problems is their avoidance of life-saving detoxification treatment for substance use disorders. Some drug users have the opposite problem of constipation described above. Surprising though it may seem, some people are so anxious about diarrhea,  and possible incontinence, if they quit drugs, that it puts them off getting proper medication management for detox. People who have been using heroin might feel so disgusted with the process of withdrawal, particularly diarrhea that typically occurs, that they want to avoid other people while they are going through withdrawal, both medical staff, and other patients. This is a serious safety issue, as severe withdrawal symptoms, including those associated with dehydration, which can occur after severe diarrhea, can be life-threatening. It is also a flawed way of thinking about the problemâ€"if anyone can help to alleviate your withdrawal symptoms, it is the addiction specialists who work in detox facilities. Diarrhea, as well as nausea and vomiting, are symptoms of withdrawal from heroin and other opiates, including opiate-based pain killers. Some people even use these drugs to control recurrent diarrhea. But as with other bowel symptoms, there are other, much more healthy and effective ways of controlling diarrhea.   Many of us experienced shameful experiences of toilet accidents during childhood, and the idea of having one as an adult can be the ultimate in social shaming for adults. The fear of fecal incontinence can be enough to cause people to delay quitting opioids for years. But maybe you should ask yourself whether the potential embarrassment of a few days of diarrhea among people who are either going through the same thing themselves or who are professionals who are well aware of the symptoms and deal with them every day, is really as bad as staying addicted to drugs. Detox is by far the best place to be if you are withdrawing from alcohol or opiates. Warning:  Bowel Symptoms May Be Caused by Another Condition Perhaps the best reason to face up to your bowel symptoms, rather than try to cover them up with substance use or avoid getting appropriate treatment, is that they may actually be caused by an underlying health condition. These other conditions could be potentially serious and very harmful if left untreated. Staying silent about your bowel symptoms  and using drugs to cope with the problem may prevent you from identifying the real cause of your bowel symptoms. For example, there are a number of different causes of diarrhea, as well as flatulence and constipation. If the cause is addressed directly, whether, through diet, behavior, such as exercise or eating patterns, or treatment for an underlying condition, it can eradicate the distress that can keep you in a harmful pattern of substance use that is based on social stigma and embarrassment. Incontinence is often a symptom of or co-occurs with Alzheimers disease and dementia, which can be triggered by long-term alcohol or drug abuse. Because alcohol or drug intoxication can mimic dementia, and can, for some people, occasionally result in incontinence, it can be hard to know whether someone with an active addiction is intoxicated or suffering from dementia. Dont assume that they are, even if they seem affected when you do not think they are intoxicated. I have personally seen people who seemed extremely impaired by dementia become surprisingly coherent after just a few weeks of abstinence. If you or someone you care about is experiencing symptoms of dementia, an assessment and diagnosis is your best bet for getting the right kind of help. It makes sense to talk to your doctor about it.

Friday, May 22, 2020

The President Of The Country Essay - 1300 Words

Marisela, a former resident of the capital of Venezuela, Caracas, came to the USA in the early 2000s, shortly after Hugo Chà ¡vez became the president of the country. Once a hospital nurse, Marisela got fired from her job because she refused to participate in a pro-governmental demonstration that the hospital employees were forced to attend. After a short time, her husband, who was a doctor at the same hospital, also became unemployed. Despite desperate searches, they could not find jobs, and the situation in the country was getting worse. There was no food at the stores, crime rates were climbing, the fear was spreading, and people were losing faith in a better future. One day, after being robbed in front of their apartment, Marisela and her first husband accepted the fact that they would not be able to live in those conditions, and decided it was time to leave Venezuela. Two months later, after saying a painful goodbye to their families, with only a couple of oversized trave l bags, and the savings of their lives in their pockets, Marisela and Amado flew to Miami to stay with her brother, who had been already living in Florida. Their hope was to pursue â€Å"the American dream of life, liberty, and happiness†. Activities Although Marisela was excited about the cultural immersion project, it was difficult for her to find free time. With two school-age sons, â€Å"always hungry husband† (Marisela S, personal communication, November 4, 2016) and two part-time jobs, her scheduleShow MoreRelatedPresident Islam Karimov Left His Country1709 Words   |  7 PagesUzbekistani President Islam Karimov left his country as he ruled it: plagued by inconsistencies in news reports, government cover-ups, and incorrigible deceit. While Karimov reportedly died on September 2nd at the age of 78 due to a brain hemorrhage, he likely passed away well before his government’s official announcement. The full extent of Karimov’s critical condition was not revealed to the media until his daughter, Lola Karimova-Tillyaeva, announced it on her Instagram profile. Then, after daysRead MoreChoosing A Presidential Candidate : The Future President Will Do For The Country1826 Words   |  8 Pagesmost part, voter s position themselves on one side or the other of the same coin. There is one side of the coin that is largely concerned with what the incumbent will personally do for them; the other side focuses on what the future president will do for the country. Donald R. Kinder and D. Roderick Kiewiet refer to the first group as pocketbook voters (Kinder Kiewiet, 1981, p. 130). 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This past election truly showed the country that anyone who meets the basic requirements to run for president can win. This was the absolute goal of those who built this country and should be continued as long as this country continues to grow. That all being said, some people are not the best equipped to do hold presidency or any other office in that matter. The basic requirements to run for president is not enough and anyone who thinks they are qualified need to beRead MoreQual ifications for Philippine President1516 Words   |  7 Pagesformer president Corazon Aquino. Some laws have been changed, and some laws have been added, but almost everything remains the same. One of the laws which have not been changed is the law that states the qualifications for president. For the past four Presidential elections, the Commissions on Elections used the 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines to evaluate the candidates for presidency. In the 1987 Constitution, Article 7 Sections 4 and 5 state the qualifications for president. FirstRead MoreThe President Of The United States1532 Words   |  7 PagesThe president is the most important job in the United States. Not the ruler of the United States ,but have some power over the country. The president of the United States is a person who symbolize the country and leads the country by making decisions of what is the best thing to do. The president needs to know about the past history such as the conflict o f World War I and II and different events that led to violence in our own country. The president of the United States needs to know how the systemRead MoreGeorge Washington: Greatest President Essay776 Words   |  4 Pageswas the one president who really did our country justice. Who was the one president who, out of all forty-two, beats everyone and takes the gold for best president in the history of American presidents? Not everyone who agrees with these thoughts is going to agree with the answer each other gives. However, I bet many of those same people would argue that George Washington was the best president out of all of them. There are many more reasons to why George Washington is the best president to ever comeRead MoreInaugural Addresses by LBJ and Barack Obama918 Words   |  4 PagesImmediately after a new president is sworn into office, it is the de facto rule that he address his people with a message of thanks, a reminder of what was and hope for what is to come. The â€Å"Inaugural Address,† by President Lyndon Baines Johnson and the â€Å"Inaugural Address,† by President Barack Obama both utilize persuasive rhetorical purpose supported by nariation and evaluation in an effort to unify the people of America under a new President’s promise of leadership and change. President Barack Obama and

Thursday, May 7, 2020

Ethics, Utilitarianism, Deontology, And Virtue Ethics

In South Park, South Park illustrates normative ethics in society and people. The characters and scenarios are well scripted to categorize the three main theories of normative ethics; utilitarianism, deontology and virtue ethics. The show constantly displays the universal mindsets of multiple people within various situations and how one effects the other and the world. Majority of these scenarios, virtue ethics brings about the best results for those within the South Park community and the main characters. In the following, I will argue why virtue ethics is the most effective theory to always follow of all theories and how always following a utilitarianism and deontology approach can cause conflict within oneself and society. In the 90’s, Trey Parker, Matt Stone, and Bryan Garden created South Park. This show has incorporated loads of satire that stands as a reflection of the issues within the world today and how people handle those situations in their own right. Amongst the f unny content, there lies an even deeper construction of the show that embarks upon philosophical viewpoints that they’ve given to the characters. Kyle is one of the protagonist characters within the group. He almost always contemplates the consequences of his actions and how those actions will impact those who are connected to the consequence. The situations Kyle faces always bring about the question, what will increase happiness overall? Kyle represent the utilitarianism theory. Stan is anotherShow MoreRelatedUtilitarianism, Deontology, And Virtue Ethics835 Words   |  4 PagesInitially, my understanding of ethics was merely to determine what is right and wrong in certain situations. Although, after learning about Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Virtue Ethics, I have realized that certain characteristics of each play a role in determining what ethics truly are. Utilitarianism characterizes the definition of ethics, by making all choices have the greatest positive impact, w hile minimizing the risk. Deontology on the other hand would rather we not get involved because thereRead MoreUtilitarianism, Deontology, And Virtue Ethics1586 Words   |  7 Pagesunacceptable by our society because many United States organizations are starting to work together to stop these intolerable acts to end the suffering and pain. Ethical theories are categorized into three groups: utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics (Mosser, 2013). Utilitarianism is a system of ethical choices according to the rightness or wrongness of an action that should be judged by its consequences (Mosser, 2013). This type of philosophy suggests that an action is morally right if itsRead MoreThe Most Influential Moral Theories : Virtue Ethics, Deontology, And Utilitarianism2412 Words   |  10 PagesEthics is the moral criteria that we as human beings have. They are the rules of the game that are supposed to guide us through our decision making in life and how to behave to one another as part of a society. However, there are different perspectives on how this criteria should be used, and when and whom they apply to. I will focus on the three most influential moral theories: virtue ethics, deontology, and utilitarianism. Although there are many great names of philosophers that fall in those theoriesRead MoreThe Similarities and Differences Between Different Ethical Theories651 Words   |  3 PagesSimilarities and Differences in Ethics: The main aim of any ethical theory is to do what is right and good since it involves moral rules or acting based on specific ethical values. In certain cases, the right and good as well as the ethical rules and values are sometimes common to various ethical theories. Even though ethical theories have different reasons for application, there is an overlap in these theories that result in similar conduct in an ethical situation. There are various ethical theoriesRead MoreAn Act Of Law Is Just Or Unjust1312 Words   |  6 Pagesin order to determine certain legislations. The legislation has to be just, or has to reach a form of justice. These three schools of thought which address justice are deontology, utilitarianism, and virtue-based ethics. A common question has been asked, â€Å"What is justice?† According to Chapter V of John Stuart Mill’s Utilitarianism, justice supposes two things—a rule of conduct and a sentiment which sanctions the rule. The first must be supposed common to all mankind and intended for their good.Read MoreSimilarities and Differences in Virtue Theory, Utilitarianism, and Deontological Ethics Eth/316954 Words   |  4 PagesSimilarities and Differences in Virtue Theory, Utilitarianism, and Deontological Ethics When talking about ethics it is hard to distinguish between ethics and morality. It is also hard to distinguish exactly what realm of ethics contributes to my everyday decisions. Ethics can be defined as â€Å"well-founded standards of right and wrong that prescribe what humans ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society, fairness, or specific virtues [and] ethics refers to the study and developmentRead MoreEthic Essay651 Words   |  3 Pages1 Virtue Theory, Utilitarianism, and Deontological Ethics. Judith Glowinski ETH/316 - 4/16/2013 MARY CARTER 2 When comparing the similarities and differences between virtue theory, utilitarianism, and deontology we find that they all deal with how one judge’s morality and ethics. These theories all include judging in different aspects, whether it is in the moment, what happens after, or over a lifetime. The ethics and morality behind these theories all deal with what is rightRead MoreEssay about Eth 316 Week 1764 Words   |  4 PagesMay 13, 2013 Tammy Matthews Introduction Utilitarianism, deontological, and virtue theory ethics are three normative approaches to ethics. This paper will go over the similarities and differences between virtue theory, utilitarianism, and deontological principles. It will include information of the variations in how each concept details ethics, morality, and it will also discuss a personal experience to describe the correlation between virtue, values, and moral perceptions as they relate toRead MoreComparing Political Philosophy Theories1095 Words   |  5 PagesTheory Comparison Chart Respond to the prompt for each of the five ethical theories listed. One section on each chart has been filled in as an example. What is good? (1–2 sentences) Aristotle – Virtue EthicsMill – UtilitarianismKant – DeontologyConsequentialismNodding – Care Ethicswhat would you say is our principal or highest objective by nature? According to Aristotle, it is the attainment of happiness, for it is that alone that we seek for its own sake. Based on Aristotle assertionRead MoreThe Human Right Of Free Speech And Intellectual Property Rights1392 Words   |  6 Pages† As technology continues to rapidly evolve, ethics in technology has become an increasingly prevalent issue. A common misconception maintains that everyone has the same set of ethics, but the reality is quite different. No human is exactly the same, therefore it stands to reason that not everyone would share the same opinion on what is and is not ethical behavior. This essay is an exploration into the five main schools of thought when discussing ethics in technology. While there are many issues that

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Global Internet Censorship Free Essays

string(90) " a murder in Shanghai over a virtual sword used in the online game ‘Legend of Mir 3’\." What aspects of the internet make global censorship difficult? Why might a government be inclined to impose internet censorship on its citizens? Is global internet censorship moral? Internet Censorship has been a topic of much debate and growing concern in the past decade. According to the OpenNet Initiative, the number of countries seeking to control access of content on the internet has been rising rapidly (Documenting Internet Content Filtering Worldwide n. d). We will write a custom essay sample on Global Internet Censorship or any similar topic only for you Order Now Reporters Without Borders published a list of thirteen countries as ‘internet enemies’ in 2006. The list consisted of Belarus, Burma, China, Cuba, Egypt, Iran, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Vietnam (List of the 13 Internet Enemies in 2006 Published 2006). The Chinese government has restricted internet access so heavily that it is called the ‘Great Firewall of China’ (Healy, 2007: 158). Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) also have heavy restrictions on gambling, pornography, homosexuality and anti-Islamic sites. According to the OpenNet Initiative, the four main reasons why a government imposes censorship are securing Intellectual Property (IP) rights, protecting national security, preserving cultural norms and religious value and shielding children from pornography and exploitation (Documenting Internet Content Filtering Worldwide n. d). Global censorship may not be as easy as it sounds. Many aspects of the internet make global censorship difficult. The absence of a centralized hub is one of the main reasons why global internet censorship may not be feasible. As of now only individual countries have imposed censorships through their Internet Service Providers (ISPs). The internet is extremely vast and there is no way people can be employed to check on every single content that is put up on the web. Automated checking tools are not as effective and can only filter content to some extent. The internet is a many-to-many media and people all around the world can post web pages. It is thus quite difficult for one agency or government to curb all activities on the internet that may be deemed offensive to them. Along with all its benefits the internet also brings with itself a lot of harms. Hacking, identity theft, pedophilia etc are just some of them. In September 2006, Time. com reported that Brazilian prosecutors claimed that a number of pedophiles, anti-Semites and racists lurk around the country’s most popular social networking site, Google’s orkut (Downie, A. 2006). There has been a recent uproar in Dubai, regarding orkut where some members of the public questioned why the site was not banned and that certain communities were posting immoral material. Dubai-based lawyer Abdul Hamid Al Kumity, of Al Kumity Advocates, said according to Article 15 of the UAE’s cyber crime laws, people risked a jail term of between six months and three years, and a fine of up to Dh30,000, for making, constructing, exhibiting, showing, circulating, inducing or impelling people to watch a website with obscene, immoral, pornographic or erotic material. Article 15(4) puts those who public ise such websites for others to watch or attract people to such websites at risk of a fine or a jail term. According to Article 13, anybody who allows youngsters to access such websites or helps them in viewing them will be punished with a fine or a jail term of up to five years’ (Bardsley 2007). Thus after a huge public uproar, orkut has been blocked by the country’s most popular ISP – Etisalat. The main reasons why a government might be inclined to impose internet censorship on its citizens are to protect the regional moral values, to protect children and to protect the country. Preserving moral values of the country would include the censorship of any site deemed offensive in the context of religion, culture and relationships. Homosexuality is considered an offence in the UAE and all sites related to the topic are blocked in the region. Most dating service sites are also blocked. Anti-Islamic and Pro-Christian sites such as those preaching conversion to Christianity are also blocked by the ISPs. The second reason of protecting children would include keeping adult content from children and keeping the children safe from paedophiles. National security is the other main reason why a country would be forced to impose internet censorship. The political sentiments of a country are likely to be kept a secret by the government. On the other hand we do have countries like China whose suppression of important information has led to not only national but international problems. ‘The SARS crisis in 2004, and the contamination of the Songhua River in 2006, which affected millions of lives in China and Russia, serve as particularly deadly examples’ (New HRIC Report Details State Secrets System 2007). Terrorism is another reason. The governments of most countries are keeping a strict watch out for any material posted on the internet linking to terrorism. ‘The National Institute of Justice defines computer crime as any illegal act for which knowledge of computer technology is used to commit the offence’ (Stamatellos 2007:11). On the fifth of July 2007, three â€Å"cyber-jihadis† who used the internet to urge Muslims to wage holy war on non-believers were jailed for between six-and-a-half and ten years in the first case of its kind on Britain (Gulf News, 2007:20). The governments also censor content to protect the political sentiments of the country. In Belarus, for example, ‘in March 2006, several websites critical of President Alexandre Lukashenko mysteriously disappeared from the Internet for several days’ (List of the 13 Internet Enemies in 2006 Published 2006). Similar acts by the governments are seen in most other countries listed by the Reporters Without Borders. Governments also impose censorship so that none of its secrets are disclosed. The governments do so to control and maintain their power. People around the world, adults and teenagers alike have created virtual characters or avatars for online gaming purposes. Sites like ‘Xfire’ and games like ‘World of WarCraft’ have people from around the world addicted. These games have led to crimes in the real and virtual worlds. There was an incident of a murder in Shanghai over a virtual sword used in the online game ‘Legend of Mir 3’. You read "Global Internet Censorship" in category "Papers" When the dispute had started between the two individuals, the authorities were informed but they could not acknowledge virtual properties. In South Korea these kinds of violence and murders are so common that the police call it ‘offline PK’ which stands for offline player killing. The game ‘Lineage: The Blood Pledge’ is so popular in South Korea that the number of acts of violence aggravated by this game came to a point where the authorities had to create a special cyber-crime unit to patrol both online and offline. These interventions of the government are totally justifiable since the safety of the public is at stake. ‘Kantian ethics is the moral theory of Immanuel Kant or any theory that ncorporates some of Kant’s central claims or claims similar to Kant’s. Kant’s most basic claim is that nothing can be conceived to be good unconditionally and without qualification except a good will’ (Werhane et al. , 1998: 356). From the Kantian perspective, internet censorship is legal in the sense that the government is only protecting its citizens from possible harms an d other data that maybe be deemed sensitive or offensive as far as the religion or the governing body of that country is concerned. In the above mentioned example of setting up online communities on orkut in Dubai, most people in Dubai do not know the laws against it and they think that they are anonymous on the Internet whereas that is not the case. The government can get the IP addresses from Google server and track down the person easily. Since the main intention of the government is to protect the people, from the Kantianism point of view, internet censorship is moral. Contractarianism has been identified to have its origins from Plato’s ‘Republic’ (Sayre-McCord, 2000: 247). Social Contract Theory which is a part of contractarianism is based on rights. People have a right to information which is blocked by the government. Along with offensive sites, the governments also block sites which may be educational or useful otherwise. The government of UAE, for example, has blocked Yahoo’s web album site Flickr due to some indecent content, but most people use the site to share photographs with friends and family around the world. In addition to right to privacy internet censorship denies people their freedom of expression. According to a report by Reporters Without Borders, 52 people in China were in prison for expressing themselves too freely online at the time of publishing the report (List of the 13 Internet Enemies in 2006 Published 2006). Thus self-censorship would also be in full-force, in addition to all the other governmental censorship. From the citizen’s perspective, evaluating with the social contract theory, global internet censorship is immoral. Frey defines Act-Utilitarianism as a view that ‘an act is right if its consequences are at least as good as those of any alternative’ (2000: 165). The main advantages of global internet censorship may be protecting children from inappropriate content, protecting moral values of the general public, protecting individual countries and their political sentiments and securing IP rights. The main harms may include the fact that important information that the public deserves to know may be with held. Secondly blocking sites such as Flickr due to some explicit content may not be justified keeping in consideration the public at large because most people use it to share photos with their kith and kin around the world. Thirdly sometimes biological information may be with held because it is deemed explicit. Sometimes sites related to topics that are acceptable in some countries may be blocked because they are considered offensive in other countries. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) sites such as skype was banned by the UAE’s ISP Etisalat so that the people are forced to use their telephone for long distance calls and they would not lose out on their profits. This is also a harm in the sense that the government is denying the public of new technology for monetary benefit. Since the harms of internet censorship outweigh their benefits, internet censorship is immoral. ‘Rule-consequentialism holds that any code of rules is to be evaluated in terms of how much good could reasonably be expected to result from the code’ and good stands for whatever has non-instrumental value (Hooker, 2000:183). According to him Utilitarians are the most prominent type of consequentialists and they believe that utility is the only thing with non-instrumental value. ‘The term â€Å"rule-utilitarianism† is usually used to refer to theories that evaluate acts in terms of rules selected for their utility – i. . for their effects on social well-being’ (Hooker, 2000: 185). From the rule-utilitarian point of view, the main benefits remain the same, securing IPs, protecting political sentiments, protecting children and protecting religious and moral values. The harms, on the other hand, are violation of the public’s right to information , their right to freedom of expression, their right to decide for themselves as to what is right and what is wrong and their right to new technology. Moreover in a few years time, it is possible that people will be relying completely on the internet for news and entertainment. So the laws pertaining to newspapers should be applicable to the internet as well. Thus since the harms outweigh the benefits, global internet censorship is immoral from the Rule-Utilitarian perspective. We have seen that all countries do not filter the same content. When China filters out all pro-democracy sites, the concept is unthinkable of by most other countries. When homosexuality and same-sex marriages are acceptable in countries like UK and some states of the US, it is looked down upon by most other parts of the world. Thus filtering these content on the internet may not be accepted by all. What may be normal in some countries may be completely offensive in some other. Therefore global internet censorship is not a panacea. References Bardsley,D. , 2007. Orkut users should report offensive material. Gulf News, 4 July. p. 2. Downie, A. , 2006. Google and the Pedophiles. Time [online] 6th September, Available: http://www. time. com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1531986,00. html, [cited 4th July 2007] Frey, R. G. , 2000 ‘Act-Utilitarianism’ in The Blackwell Guide to Ethical Theory [e-book] ed. Lafollette, H. Blackwell Publishers, Malden Massachusetts USA, pp. 165-182 Available: http://www. etlibrary. com [cited 29th June 2007] Healy, S. , 2007. ‘The great firewall of China. (Looking at the Law)’ Social Education [online] 71(3), p 158 Available from Expanded Academic ASAP via Thomson Gale http://www. galegroup. com [cited 28th June 2007] Hooker, B. , 2000 ‘Rule Consequentialism’ in The Blackwell Guide to Ethical Theory [e-book] ed. Lafolle tte, H. Blackwell Publishers, Malden Massachusetts USA, pp. 183-204 Available: http://www. netlibrary. com [cited 29th June 2007] N. A, 1998 The Blackwell Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Business Ethics [e-book] ed. Werhane, P H. Freeman R. E. Blackwell Publishers, Malden Massachusetts USA p. 356 Available: http://www. netlibrary. com [cited 29th June 2007] N. A, 2006, ‘List of the 13 Internet Enemies in 2006 Published’, Reporters without Borders [online], 7th November, Available: http://www. rsf. org/article. php3? id_article=19603 [cited 6th July 2007] N. A. , 2007, ‘New HRIC Report Details State Secrets System’ Human Rights in China [online] 12 June Available:http://hrichina. org/public/contents/press? revision%5fid=41505%5fid=41500 [cited 4th July 2007] N. A. , 2007, ‘Three jailed for using Web to wage war’ Gulf News 6 July. . 20. N. A. , n d ‘Documenting Internet Content Filtering Worldwide’ OpenNet Initiative [online] Available:http://www. opennetinitiative. org/modules. php? op=modload=Sections=index=viewarticle=1 [cited 20th June 2007] Sayre-McCord, G. , 2000 ‘Contractarianism’ in The Blackwell Guide to Ethical Theory [e-book] ed. Lafollette, H. Black well Publishers, Malden Massachusetts USA, pp. 247-267 Available: http://www. netlibrary. com [cited 29th June 2007] Stamatellos, G. , 2007, Computer Ethics, Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Massachusetts, USA. p. 11. How to cite Global Internet Censorship, Papers

Monday, April 27, 2020

Jobsintown.de Company Campaign Reflection

What is the campaign about? This campaign is a sensitizing platform that provides the necessary information regarding the prevailing job market conditions. The campaign, dubbed â€Å"Life’s too short for the wrong job,† is a creation of the Jobsintown.de Company which runs an online recruitment website. The primary target for this campaign is that potential job seekers, particularly those living in urban areas and are in the job search.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jobsintown.de Company: Campaign Reflection specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Alternatively, some may be already employed but in fields that do not match their skills, knowledge, or potentials. The campaign targets all customers irrespective of income or education level. The company has identified a gap in the job market which it wants to fill by playing the agency role involving the linkage of job seekers, their customers, to the releva nt employers. This has enabled the company to meet the ever-rising demand for this kind of service. What are the campaign’s objectives? Like other promotional activities, this campaign ad is aimed at making the agency service available to the public. Although the Jobsintown.de Company is keen in making claims from this particular advert, it is indirectly inviting public critiques and confrontations. This is likely to occur when the services rendered do not live up to the anticipated benefits. According to the class notes, any company that believes in putting its reputation on the line will always try harder than its competitors to fulfill its promises and maintain the reputation that it has already established with its clientele. The other objective of the company is to provide a wide range of services making the consumer to determine the ones that are in line with their needs. The company wants to offer different services across people from different social class and occupat ion. For instance, the photography that shows a person who is probably seeking the laundry services from a dry cleaner while the other one is doing the hand washing depicts a reflection of the society where people are in different social classes. There are those who are in need of certain services that are unaffordable to others hence the need to segment the market.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More What is the campaign’s strategy? How would you describe it? The company’s marketers have established that the best way to advertise and sell services is to ensure that there is satisfaction of genuine needs. In regards to this, the company has decided to use reflection advertising to reach its target audience. This choice not only makes the intended message special, but also unique. As described in the class notes, the use of realistic images tends to be more appealin g to people especially when the practicality of the claims forms the basis of the customer’s decision. The company has managed to keep its message and purpose simple. This is critical in the process of ensuring that effective motivation prevails. The strategy adopted by the company will enable it achieve its goal of transforming the audience’s state of ignorance into a state of satisfaction. For that reason, the overall outcome will be good. Looking at the pictures given, it is evident that the company has strategized on how to show the problem to its customers and the corresponding action to be taken. The campaign packages itself as the opportune moment to effect a change in their job search routine. The company has done an extensive market research and, for that reason, the campaign will gain much acceptance and support from the public. Do you consider the campaign to be effective or ineffective? Why? It would be very subjective to claim that the campaign is ineffect ive. However, some may find the ad to be offensive depending on the types of occupations highlighted. On the contrary, sometimes, the campaign ad offends in order to gain attention. Some of the pictures used in the ad are somehow disturbing in the sense that some certain fundamental issues such as hygiene are overlooked. In respect to this, this campaign ad is some sort of distraction marketing where the products are not as offensive as they made be deemed to be from their advertisements. In as much as the campaign may seem to be offensive to some extent, it is not deceptive. It would quite obvious that the consumers would turn against a service that exhibits deceptive advertising. For that matter the Jobsintown.de Company has played it safe in their campaign presentations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jobsintown.de Company: Campaign Reflection specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Who is this campaign for? How do es it relate (or not) to you? The primary target for this campaign is those people who are already employed but in irrelevant fields. This campaign aims at realigning the skills, knowledge, and potentials with the relevant jobs. Additionally, the campaign is targeting a market segment that comprises of job seekers who have not yet found the kind of jobs that match their diverse skills. Although this campaign targets a particular market segment, it has the spillover social benefits such as supporting the freedom of media, stimulating the development of new services, and providing a channel to disseminate information regarding social issues. The statement â€Å"Life’s too short for the wrong job† is not only precautionary, but also educational especially to students who are yet to meet their career choices. The message derived from this campaign slogan is direct and straightforward. This essay on Jobsintown.de Company: Campaign Reflection was written and submitted by user Kinsey Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.